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PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE;ImageLoaded;CreateRemoteThread;ProcessAccess;wireshark, procmon, procexp, x32dbg, x64dbg, ida, fiddler;Sleep на десятки минут;ntdll.dll или других DLL.syscall/sysenter вне ntdll;amsi.dll в памяти;-EncodedCommand, длинными base64, IEX, DownloadString.CreateRemoteThread;NtWriteVirtualMemory + NtCreateThreadEx.CreateRemoteThread;ProcessAccess с подозрительными правами;vol -f mem.raw windows.pslist
vol -f mem.raw windows.malfind
vol -f mem.raw windows.dlllist --pid 1234
vol -f mem.raw windows.netscan
__EventFilter — условие срабатывания.__EventConsumer — действие: запуск команды, скрипта, binary.__FilterToConsumerBinding — связка фильтра и потребителя.Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventFilter
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventConsumer
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __FilterToConsumerBinding
Get-WinEvent -LogName "Microsoft-Windows-WMI-Activity/Operational" -MaxEvents 200 |
Select-Object TimeCreated, Id, Message
5857 — загрузка провайдера WMI.5858 — ошибки WMI.5859 — регистрация event filter.5860 — регистрация event consumer.5861 — регистрация filter-to-consumer binding.InprocServer32, LocalServer32, TreatAs, ProgID. Когда легитимное приложение загружает COM-объект, вместо ожидаемого компонента может загружаться вредоносная DLL или исполняемый файл.HKCU\Software\Classes\CLSID и HKLM\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID;dllhost.exe, rundll32.exe, explorer.exe, Office-процессов с подозрительными дочерними процессами;Get-CimInstance Win32_ClassicCOMClassSetting |
Select-Object ProgId, InprocServer32, Description |
Where-Object { $_.InprocServer32 -match "Temp|AppData|Public|Downloads" }
mshta, rundll32, regsvr32, certutil;4698 — создана scheduled task.106, 140, 141, 200, 201.7045 — установлена служба.7040 — изменено состояние службы.7036 — служба вошла в состояние.Get-ScheduledTask |
Where-Object { $_.State -ne "Disabled" } |
Select-Object TaskName, TaskPath, State, Author
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v
Get-Service |
Select-Object Name, DisplayName, Status, StartType
sc.exe query state= all
svchost.exe → cmd.exe → powershell.exe → сеть.svchost.exe, lsass.exe, csrss.exe, explorer.exe, winlogon.exe, services.exe.C:\Windows\System32 или C:\Windows\SysWOW64;svch0st.exe, scvhost.exe, lsasss.exe;Get-Process |
Select-Object Id, ProcessName, Path, Company, Product |
Sort-Object ProcessName
Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath "C:\Path\To\file.exe"
powershell.exepwsh.exewscript.execscript.exemshta.exerundll32.exeregsvr32.execertutil.exebitsadmin.exemsiexec.exeinstallutil.execmstp.exeodbcconf.exemsbuild.exeregasm.exeregsvcs.exerundll32.exe и regsvr32.exe;.NET-сборок через msbuild.exe, installutil.exe, regasm.exe;mshta.exe, certutil.exe, bitsadmin.exe.Get-WinEvent -LogName "Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational" |
Where-Object { $_.Id -eq 3 -and $_.Message -match "powershell" } |
Select-Object -First 50 TimeCreated, Message
certutil, bitsadmin, mshta, если не требуется;Temp, AppData, Downloads, Public;Get-WinEvent -LogName "Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational" |
Where-Object {
$_.Id -eq 1 -and
$_.Message -match "winword|excel|powerpnt|outlook" -and
$_.Message -match "cmd|powershell|wscript|cscript|mshta|rundll32|regsvr32"
} |
Select-Object -First 50 TimeCreated, Message
explorer.exe, svchost.exe, rundll32.exe.ProcessAccess, CreateRemoteThread, ImageLoaded.CreateRemoteThread.ProcessAccess.ImageLoaded.vol -f mem.raw windows.pslist
vol -f mem.raw windows.pstree
vol -f mem.raw windows.malfind
vol -f mem.raw windows.dlllist --pid 1234
vol -f mem.raw windows.modules
vol -f mem.raw windows.netscan
ntdll.dll, kernel32.dll, kernelbase.dll. Вредоносный код может пытаться вызывать системные функции так, чтобы не проходить через ожидаемые перехваты.syscall вне обычных библиотечных путей;-EncodedCommand, IEX, DownloadString, Net.WebClient;amsi.dll;explorer.exe, svchost.exe, rundll32.exe, msiexec.exe.ImageLoaded;CreateRemoteThread;ProcessAccess;DnsQuery;FileDelete;ProcessTampering;FileDeleteDetected.vol -f mem.raw windows.pslist
vol -f mem.raw windows.pstree
vol -f mem.raw windows.malfind
vol -f mem.raw windows.dlllist --pid 1234
vol -f mem.raw windows.modules
vol -f mem.raw windows.netscan
vol -f mem.raw windows.cmdline
Temp, AppData, Downloads, Public;Downloads, Temp, AppData;cmd.exe, powershell.exe, wscript.exe или mshta.exe;powershell.exe, mshta.exe, rundll32.exe или regsvr32.exe;Temp или AppData;mshta, rundll32, regsvr32;.iso, .lnk, .js, .hta;Downloads;Temp, AppData, Downloads;vssadmin delete shadows;wbadmin delete catalog;bcdedit для изменения recovery;Temp, AppData, Downloads, Public;winword.exe → cmd.exeexcel.exe → powershell.exeoutlook.exe → mshta.exepowerpnt.exe → rundll32.exetitle: Suspicious Child Process Spawned By Office Application
id: REPLACE_WITH_UUID
status: experimental
description: Detects Office applications spawning shells or script interpreters.
logsource:
product: windows
category: process_creation
detection:
selection_parent:
ParentImage|endswith:
- '\winword.exe'
- '\excel.exe'
- '\powerpnt.exe'
- '\outlook.exe'
- '\msaccess.exe'
selection_child:
Image|endswith:
- '\cmd.exe'
- '\powershell.exe'
- '\pwsh.exe'
- '\wscript.exe'
- '\cscript.exe'
- '\mshta.exe'
- '\rundll32.exe'
- '\regsvr32.exe'
- '\certutil.exe'
- '\bitsadmin.exe'
condition: selection_parent and selection_child
falsepositives:
- Legitimate administrative scripts
- Internal automation
level: high
powershell.exe → C2_DOMAINmshta.exe → C2_DOMAINwscript.exe → C2_DOMAINrundll32.exe → C2_DOMAINtitle: Script Interpreter Or Proxy Binary Network Connection
id: REPLACE_WITH_UUID
status: experimental
description: Detects network connections from script interpreters or proxy binaries.
logsource:
product: windows
category: network_connection
detection:
selection:
Image|endswith:
- '\powershell.exe'
- '\pwsh.exe'
- '\wscript.exe'
- '\cscript.exe'
- '\mshta.exe'
- '\rundll32.exe'
- '\regsvr32.exe'
- '\certutil.exe'
- '\bitsadmin.exe'
Initiated: 'true'
filter_local:
DestinationIp|cidr:
- '10.0.0.0/8'
- '172.16.0.0/12'
- '192.168.0.0/16'
condition: selection and not filter_local
falsepositives:
- Legitimate update mechanisms
- Internal scripts accessing approved services
level: medium
IEX, DownloadString, FromBase64String;title: Suspicious Scheduled Task Creation
id: REPLACE_WITH_UUID
status: experimental
description: Detects scheduled task creation with suspicious command lines.
logsource:
product: windows
service: security
detection:
selection:
EventID: 4698
TaskContent|contains:
- 'powershell'
- 'pwsh'
- 'mshta'
- 'rundll32'
- 'regsvr32'
- 'wscript'
- 'cscript'
- 'certutil'
- 'bitsadmin'
- 'FromBase64String'
- 'IEX'
- 'DownloadString'
- 'Net.WebClient'
condition: selection
falsepositives:
- Legitimate administrative tasks
level: high
Temp, AppData, Downloads;title: Suspicious Service Creation
id: REPLACE_WITH_UUID
status: experimental
description: Detects service creation with suspicious binary paths or interpreters.
logsource:
product: windows
service: system
detection:
selection:
EventID: 7045
ImagePath|contains:
- '\Temp\'
- '\AppData\'
- '\Downloads\'
- '\Public\'
- 'powershell'
- 'mshta'
- 'rundll32'
- 'regsvr32'
- 'wscript'
- 'cscript'
condition: selection
falsepositives:
- Some installers and admin tools
level: high
title: Possible Ransomware Preparation Activity
id: REPLACE_WITH_UUID
status: experimental
description: Detects commands commonly used before mass encryption.
logsource:
product: windows
category: process_creation
detection:
selection_vss:
CommandLine|contains:
- 'vssadmin delete shadows'
- 'vssadmin resize shadowstorage'
selection_wbadmin:
CommandLine|contains:
- 'wbadmin delete catalog'
- 'wbadmin delete systemstatebackup'
selection_bcdedit:
CommandLine|contains:
- 'bcdedit /set recoveryenabled no'
- 'bcdedit /set bootstatuspolicy ignoreallfailures'
selection_services:
CommandLine|contains:
- 'net stop'
- 'sc stop'
- 'taskkill'
condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
- Legitimate backup maintenance
- Administrator troubleshooting
level: high
DeviceProcessEvents
| where InitiatingProcessFileName in~ (
"winword.exe",
"excel.exe",
"powerpnt.exe",
"outlook.exe",
"msaccess.exe"
)
| where FileName in~ (
"cmd.exe",
"powershell.exe",
"pwsh.exe",
"wscript.exe",
"cscript.exe",
"mshta.exe",
"rundll32.exe",
"regsvr32.exe",
"certutil.exe",
"bitsadmin.exe"
)
| project TimeGenerated,
DeviceName,
AccountName,
InitiatingProcessFileName,
InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
FileName,
ProcessCommandLine,
FolderPath
DeviceNetworkEvents
| where InitiatingProcessFileName in~ (
"powershell.exe",
"pwsh.exe",
"wscript.exe",
"cscript.exe",
"mshta.exe",
"rundll32.exe",
"regsvr32.exe",
"certutil.exe",
"bitsadmin.exe"
)
| where RemoteUrl !has "example.internal"
| project TimeGenerated,
DeviceName,
InitiatingProcessFileName,
InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
RemoteUrl,
RemoteIP,
RemotePort
DeviceImageLoadEvents
| where FileName endswith ".dll"
| where FolderPath has_any (
@"\\Temp\\",
@"\\AppData\\",
@"\\Downloads\\",
@"\\Public\\"
)
| project TimeGenerated,
DeviceName,
InitiatingProcessFileName,
InitiatingProcessFolderPath,
FileName,
FolderPath,
SHA256
DeviceRegistryEvents
| where RegistryKey has_any (
@"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run",
@"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce",
@"Software\Classes\CLSID"
)
| where ActionType in~ ("RegistryValueSet", "RegistryKeyCreated")
| project TimeGenerated,
DeviceName,
InitiatingProcessFileName,
InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
RegistryKey,
RegistryValueName,
RegistryValueData
import "pe"
rule lab_pe_suspicious_section_flags
{
meta:
description = "Lab rule: PE section with executable and writable flags"
author = "defensive-analysis"
note = "High false positive potential; tune for your environment"
condition:
pe.is_pe and
for any i in (0 .. pe.number_of_sections - 1): (
(pe.sections[i].characteristics & 0x20000000) and
(pe.sections[i].characteristics & 0x80000000)
)
}
rule lab_suspicious_script_download_patterns
{
meta:
description = "Lab rule: suspicious download and execution patterns in scripts"
author = "defensive-analysis"
strings:
$s1 = "Net.WebClient" nocase wide ascii
$s2 = "DownloadString" nocase wide ascii
$s3 = "DownloadFile" nocase wide ascii
$s4 = "IEX" nocase wide ascii
$s5 = "FromBase64String" nocase wide ascii
$s6 = "mshta" nocase wide ascii
$s7 = "rundll32" nocase wide ascii
$s8 = "regsvr32" nocase wide ascii
condition:
filesize < 2MB and
3 of them
}
4688 — создание процесса, если включено логирование командной строки.4698 — создана scheduled task.4697 — установлена служба.4624 — успешный вход.4625 — неудачный вход.4672 — привилегированный вход.4699 — scheduled task удалена.4702 — scheduled task обновлена.1102 — очистка журнала безопасности.7045 — установлена служба.7040 — изменено состояние службы.7036 — служба вошла в состояние.7034 — служба неожиданно завершилась.1001 — bugcheck/системная ошибка.1 — ProcessCreate.3 — NetworkConnect.5 — ProcessTerminate.7 — ImageLoaded.8 — CreateRemoteThread.10 — ProcessAccess.11 — FileCreate.12 — RegistryEvent object create/delete.13 — RegistryEvent value set.14 — RegistryEvent object rename.19 — WmiEventFilter.20 — WmiEventConsumer.21 — WmiEventConsumerToFilter.22 — DnsQuery.23 — FileDelete.25 — ProcessTampering.26 — FileDeleteDetected.4103 — Module Logging.4104 — Script Block Logging.400, 403, 600 — классические PowerShell события.800 — PowerShell pipeline execution details.5857 — загрузка провайдера WMI.5858 — ошибки WMI.5859 — регистрация event filter.5860 — регистрация event consumer.5861 — регистрация filter-to-consumer binding.3077 — блокировка или предупреждение WDAC.8002, 8003, 8004 — события разрешений и блокировок.8020, 8021, 8022 — события MSI/script packaging, если применимо.$UsnJrnl;C:\Windows\Prefetch
C:\Windows\System32\winevt\Logs
C:\Windows\System32\config
C:\Windows\System32\LogFiles
C:\Windows\Temp
C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Temp
C:\Users\*\AppData\Roaming
C:\Users\*\Downloads
C:\ProgramData
C:\Windows\System32\Tasks
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks
C:\Windows\System32\wbem\Repository
Get-ScheduledTask |
Where-Object { $_.State -ne "Disabled" } |
Select-Object TaskName, TaskPath, State, Author
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v
Get-Service |
Select-Object Name, DisplayName, Status, StartType
sc.exe query state= all
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventFilter
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventConsumer
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __FilterToConsumerBinding
Get-CimInstance Win32_StartupCommand |
Select-Object Name, Command, Location, User
reg query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"
reg query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce"
reg query "HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"
reg query "HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce"
lsass.exe, credential dumping или использование привилегированных аккаунтов:DownloadString, DownloadFile, Net.WebClient через политики, если это допустимо.-EncodedCommand, -FromBase64String, IEX.Downloads.TARGET_IPTARGET_DOMAINC2_DOMAINUSERNAMETOKEN